Why Professional Editing Matters

Why Professional Editing Matters In this day and age of technology and the faster is better credo, good writing seems to have fallen by the wayside. You write texts and messages with abbreviations, incomplete sentences, and emoticons. Informal writing seems to have run rampant and become more acceptable. Yet, proper and effective formal writing has never been as integral to keeping up and excelling in this ultra-competitive world.You know that writing is a difficult thing to do, even for professionals. Your stomach churns and you feel a sense of dread when a professor gives you a college essay to write, when your boss asks you to prepare a presentation at a meeting, or when you work on crafting the perfect cover letter for your dream job.But now it is more important than ever to have good writing skills and well-written documents, whether they are for business, personal, non-profit, academic, or job search-related use. You need to present yourself in the best way possibleâ€"to avoid embarrassing mistakes, to get tha t job, to get into a top-rated school, to make an effective presentation at work, or to raise awareness and much-needed money for a charity cause.What do editing and proofreading services entail?Theres more to editing and crafting a good paper than meets the eye. When a document is edited and proofread, the following corrections and modifications are made:Fix spelling, grammar, punctuation, syntax, and verb tense mistakes.Improve sentence structure.Adhere to particular style guide rules.Enhance clarity and improve flow.Reorganize paragraphs.Fix awkward wording and find the perfect words.Correct ESL mistakes.The types of editing and the differences between themHow many types of editing are there? The simple answer to that question is two: editing and proofreading. But one can also argue that there are three main categories: editing, proofreading, and copyediting. Then there are the specialized subcategories, such as book manuscript and dissertation editing.Editing is more comprehensi ve and substantive, and it focuses on the style, flow, and subject area of your document and may require specialization. Proofreading focuses on going over each line of text and making sure all punctuation marks are in the right places, and that there are no spelling and grammar mistakes.Copyediting is not as widely-known; it is typically found in publishing, and may be done in addition to traditional editing and proofreading. It usually occurs before proofreading; the copyeditor checks for grammar, spelling, and punctuation mistakes, and looks at overall style issues and specific style guide adherence (e.g., Turabian, MLA, APA).Can you do the editing yourself or do you need someone to help you?You need a second pair of eyes to spot mistakes and typos, to clean up, polish, and improve your writing. You need an outsiders point of view because you are simply too close to your own text. There are typos, gaps, and awkward wording and structure that you wont even notice. Your writing or story may sound clear and error-free to you, but you may be incorrect.You need a fresh perspective and point-of-view. Famous novelists and writers have resorted to some weird tricks to get this much-needed new perspective. Virginia Woolf allegedly wrote on an angled three-and-a-half-foot tall desk so she could read her work both up-close and at a distance. You dont need to go to such extremes; hiring a professional editor will also do the trick.Why you cant find all of your own writing mistakesIt all boils down to science. As Mics Eric Brodwin explains, there are two main reasons for this discrepancy:This is your brain on writingWhen you think creatively, you use different parts of the brain than when you think with more routine traditional tasks. Studies by radiologist Martin Lotze of the University of Greifswald in Germany have shown that your brain concentrates more on formulating and communicating complex ideas and thoughts, and not on less complicated, simpler areas of writing such as spelling and other typos. Psychologist Tom Stafford, who studies typos at the University of Sheffield in the United Kingdom, states in Wired, When youre writing, youre trying to convey meaning. Its a very high-level task.This is your brain on editingYou dont see typos in your own work. You see what you want to see. As Nick Stockton explains in Wired, The reason we dont see our own typos is because what we see on the screen is competing with the version that exists in our heads. You are too close to the text, you know what you have (or intended) to write, so you dont have a fresh perspective. Glaring omissions and mistakes escape your eyes. You think everything looks good in your document, but little do you know. This graphic demonstrates why it is difficult (if not impossible) to catch all of your own typos.Examples of embarrassing mistakes todayNewspapers and other media often contain attention-garnering typos. Los Angeles Times writer Steve Harvey said in 2004, Over the ye ars, readers have sent me ads with such spectacular malapropisms as Chip and Dale furniture, Floor Shine shoes, Waynes Coating, Chester Drawers and Rod Iron. (Translation: Chippendale, Florsheim, wainscoting, chest of drawers and wrought iron.)Why editing is a big dealTo illustrate the importance of editing and the difficulty you face finding typos in writing (especially in your own), Danny Rubin created a quiz for NY Times readers. He inserted 14 errors into five articles. See how carefully you read and if you can find them all!What professional editing can do for youEditing can actually be just as important as the writing itself, and it can take more time than writing. Businesses, students, job seekers, novelists, college and grad school applicants, and others can all benefit from professional online editing services. Novelists often have only one shot at getting published; they need to make the most of their opportunity.BusinessIn todays fast-paced and competitive business enviro nment, you require professional solutions to create a strong corporate identity. The stakes are high in the workplace, in all forms of business communicationâ€"from financial reports and presentations, to emails and websites. Companies often have one chance to make a positive first impression. Spelling, grammatical and punctuation mistakes, awkward wording, and lack of clarity and proper structure can undermine and damage your professional reputation, credibility, and message. An incorrect abbreviation or missing or misplaced comma or apostrophe can cause miscommunication, confusion, and embarrassment. Poor writing style, typos, and omissions can reduce the look and sound of professionalism and turn off clients, potential investors, bosses, or co-workers.AcademicAn ever-increasing number of people are furthering their education these days. How can you make your essay stand out in the crowd when applying to college or grad school? Making the best possible first impression is necessar y to stand out from the pack and to get admitted to your chosen school. Writing error-free and compelling college entrance essays will impress and gain the attention of admissions counselors.A professional editor can polish your writing and increase the chances of your essay not being viewed as being mediocre. You need to capture the interest of admissions or impress that particular professor. Put your best foot forward with an editors help.Job marketIn todays ultra-competitive job market, a well-crafted resume and cover letter can make all the difference in scoring a job interview or offer. They are your marketing tools to potential employers. Make sure your resume and cover letter are not overlooked in the pile. Good editing will help make your writing shine and stand apart from the rest.The goal of your writing is to make your particular document an effective communication tool, and editing helps accomplish that mission. Good editing is an investment in your education, career, or endeavor. It enhances clarity and makes your writing more credible, persuasive, and professional-sounding. It will give you the winning edge.Professional online editing servicesWith professional online editing services, you can choose the editor best-suited for your project. You can take the time to read editors qualifications and previous experiences, see their portfolios, and request free sample edits. You have the ability to find the editor who is the perfect fit. Like The Story of Goldilocks and the Three Bears, you can look for and find the bowl of porridge that is not too hot, not too cold, but just right.So what can you expect from your editor? What benefits will be provided? A good editor has various responsibilities and serves different functions. She can be a mentor and guide your writing to where it needs to be. Your editor will provide a much-needed second pair of eyes, a fresh perspective, and an outsiders point-of-view. She will provide constructive criticism, save yo u time, and reduce your anxiety about your paper. Remember that professional editors are just thatâ€"professionals. They are experts in the field of editing (and often writing). You can find one who has experience with the specific topic area of your writing. Editors will provide feedback on how to best improve your document. You can always pick and choose which changes to accept and which advice to follow.Professional online editors will help polish and perfect your writing, and make it the best possible version. They will take your document to the next level.Small errors, big consequencesHere are two examples of how seemingly simple writing errors can have costly consequences:The printer of the 1632 edition of the Wicked Bible was fined £300 ($52,000 today) for the omission of the word not in the seventh commandment, Thou shalt commit adultery. That one mistake changed the entire meaning of the commandment. The printer not only faced a hefty fine, but his license was also suspend ed.There is also the Canadian case in which a single comma enabled one party to exit the contracts arrangement with a single-years notice, instead of the originally intended five-year term. The cost of this blunder was one million Canadian dollars.The election process is not immune from costly editing errors either. The clerk of Ottawa County in Michigan had to apologize in 2010 for two errors that were made on election ballots in four years. Two candidates names were missing from absentee ballots mailed to approximately 1,400 voters. Reprints cost $48,570. Another ballot error in 2006 cost more than $48,000 in reprints. The letter L was omitted from the word public on a proposal on the ballot.Famous words of wisdom â€" My favorite editing quotesHere are some words of wisdom that perfectly capture why you need editing, especially professional editing, for your important written documents.You write to communicate to the hearts and minds of others whats burning inside you, and we edit to let the fire show through the smoke.Arthur PlotnikAn editor should tell the author his writing is better than it is. Not a lot better, a little better.T. S. EliotEditing might be a bloody trade, but knives arent the exclusive property of butchers. Surgeons use them too.Blake MorrisonWhat are your favorite quotes about editing?To sum it all upSimply put, good writing requires good editing. Editing and proofreading are challenging and time-consuming jobs to do. So it is best to have your document professionally edited. A good editor can serve many beneficial functions and help make you a better writer. Impress your boss, publisher, human resources, or professor with a well-crafted and wellâ€"edited document.Get your paper professionally edited, and get the most out of your writing. Stand out from the crowd and give your writing the winning edge.

What Is The Pioneer Of An Atfolios - 1168 Words

Organization composing reveals that speculations have been refined and changed with segment of time and none of the theory is absolutely unnecessary. As indicated, congruity depends on upon the setting in that it is associated. The kind of organization associated in limits including abnormal state of precision, assurance level, affectability, mind and concentrated capacity may be not the same as in clear organization orchestrated portfolios, as one that does not fit all heads (Dess, and Picken, 2000). It infers that conditions, settings, culture, working condition, new laws and bearings, information over-weight, various leveled complexities and psycho-socio upgrades astoundingly influence the organization thought along these lines, making†¦show more content†¦Transformational pioneers animate others to finish more than they at first proposed and consistently a great deal more than they thought possible. They set all the more troublesome cravings and consistently finish highe r execution. Truthfully, transformational activity tends to have more devoted and satisfied followers. This is generally so in light of the fact that transformational pioneers connect with enthusiasts. Esteem based Leadership Style Esteem based expert style contains three sections; surprising prize, organization by-exception (dynamic) and organization by-extraordinary case An esteem based pioneer takes after the arrangement of unexpected prizes to reveal execution yearning to the fans and recognizes awesome execution. Esteem based place stock in legitimately restricting understandings as fundamental partners (Bass, 1985) and use outward rewards toward redesigning supporters motivation. The composition revealed that the esteem based style ruins creative ability and can inimically affect laborers work satisfaction. Organization by-exceptional case clears up pioneers direct with deference capable acknowledgment of deviations from expected supporters lead. The utilization of both styles changes from situation to condition and setting to setting. The conditions including abnormal state of

Racial Tension And Civil Unrest - 1685 Words

As diverse as the city of Los Angeles is, it has a history of racial tension and civil unrest. From 1910, the start of the Mexican Revolution and World War I when President Theodore Roosevelt instituted the â€Å"brown scare† (Coerver, 2001), to 1913, when the California Alien Land Act prohibited Japanese immigrants and citizens of Japanese descent from owning land in California, to 1934, when 3000 Chinese immigrants were displaced to make way for Union Station, to 1942, when 110,000 Japanese Americans were forced into internment camps, Los Angeles has historically been the center of racial controversy and tension (â€Å"Year by Year,† 1999). In 1943, Los Angeles was also full of young African Americans and Mexican Americans trying to protest the racism in the American culture by expressing themselves with their own music, clothing, culture, and style (Cosgrove, 1985). By the time of the Sleepy Lagoon murder in 1942, the stage had been set for the Zoot Suit Riots that o ccurred in June 1943. Although the riots only lasted ten days, the ramifications ranged from cultural repression on the part of many Mexican American families, to political activism on the part of others, and the beginning of reform within the Los Angeles Police Department. In 1910, Mexico entered into a revolution; shortly thereafter the United States entered World War I. About this time President Theodore Roosevelt started talking about a â€Å"brown scare†; profiling Mexican Americans as possible â€Å"trouble makers†Show MoreRelatedRacial Tensions And Racial Conflicts2189 Words   |  9 Pagescivilian-officer tensions are, unfortunately, unavoidable. Worse still, it would seem that these tensions are a result of racial conflicts. For at least the past decade, incidents of racial tensions have surfaced between the civilian and law enforcement communities (Ross as cited in Lowery, Leonnig, Berman, 2014). Residents of the Ferguson area describe a long standing issue regarding profiling and targeting, in particular when it comes to traffic stops, even noting the rarity of any civil communicationRead MoreThe Song Glory, By Music Artists Common And John Legend1653 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther King Jr(MLK) was leading the civil rig hts movement. The song Glory itself won the oscar for the best song in a motion picture and truly was an important part of the movie because not only did it chronicle the civil rights marches of 1965 led by MLK but it also incorporated events that occurred in the 21st century. It was this combination that made the song a true inspiration for all human beings because it shed a light on the struggle for racial equality that African Americans have beenRead MoreReview Of Anna Deavere Smith s Twilight Essay2407 Words   |  10 PagesIn May of 1992, actress and playwright Anna Deavere Smith was commissioned to write a one-woman performance piece about the experiences, feelings, and tensions that contributed to and were exacerbated by the 1992 Los Angeles riots.[1] For her work, Smith interviewed over 200 residents of Los Angeles during the time of the riot. Her script consists entirely of the actual words of members of the Los Angeles community as they reflect on their experiences surr ounding the Los Angeles riots. As Smith describedRead MoreDo The Right Thing - Movie Analysis1689 Words   |  7 PagesSpike Lee’s movie â€Å"Do the Right Thing† portrays a time in American history when the post-civil rights movement was still fresh in everyone’s mind. It is 1989, and Martin Luther King Jr and Malcolm X have placed their stamp on the country. While MLK preached for peace, Malcom X wanted the people to fight back in self-defense. This movie portrays these two views side by side through several different scenes. The movie is set in the black community of Bedford-Stuyevesant on the hottest day of theRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1532 Words   |  7 PagesThe Vietnam War came at a time of great social and political unrest in America. It was right in the middle of the Cold War, a fierce worldwide battle between Eastern communism and Western democracy. There was already division going on in America at the time, with events like the red scare in Washington creating a growing fear of worldwide communism. The U.S. involvement in Vietnam began with Harry Truman aiding the French in an imperial war from 1946-1954, which the French eventually lost to theRead More The Civil Rights Movement in 1955 Essay1725 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement refers to the political, social, and economical struggle of African Americans to gain full citizenship and racial equality. Although African Americans began to fight for equal rights as early as during the days of slavery, the quest for equality continues today. Historians generally agree that Civil Rights Movement began with the Montgomery bus boycott in 1955 and ended with the passing of the Voting Rights Act in 1965. Despite the 14th and 15th constitutional amendmentsRead MoreMany May Wonder About The Connection Between The Cold War1251 Words   |  6 Pagesmay wonder about the connection between the Cold War and the Civil Rights Movement and how the war has an effect on African-American civil rights. The effect may not be as perspicuous since these conflicts are two very strange juxtapositions. The two wars shared the same time and place in history yet they were never associated with each other. Although the Cold War may seem as if it went on for forever, from 1947 until 1991, the Civil Rights Movement went on from 1954 to 1968. However, the mass protestRead MoreWe All Get Along?1825 Words   |  8 PagesAs Los Angeles burned 20 years ago, the man whose savage beating by the Los Angeles Police Officers sparked the flames of civil unrest repsonded not with bitterness or even the satisfaction of seing revange carried out on his name. Instead, shaken rodney king offered a simple phrase: â€Å"Can we all get along?† King made the remark at a news conference as local, state and national officials tried to quell the lawless looting and violence that tore appart the city after a Simi Valley jury on April 29Read MoreThe Nadir Of The American Century : The Vietnam Disaster1565 Words   |  7 PagesThe Nadir of the American Century: The Vietnam Disaster The Vietnam War commenced during a time of great social and political unrest in America. It came during the middle of the Cold War, a fierce worldwide battle between Eastern communism and Western democracy. There was already division going on in America at the time, with events like the â€Å"Red Scare† in Washington creating a growing fear of worldwide communism. The U.S. involvement in Vietnam began with Harry Truman aiding the French in an imperialRead MoreLong-term Effects of European Colonization on Africa Essay1265 Words   |  6 PagesEuropean nations such as Britain, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Germany and Belgium scrambled for territories. Countries wanted land so they could harvest the resources, increase trade, and gain power. The European colonization of Africa brought racism, civil unrest, and insatiable greed; all of which have had lasting impacts on Africa. Along with the power of owning vast amounts of land, white explorers brought an air of supremacy with them. They encountered indigenous people and felt superior over them

The City of Ember Free Essays

The City Of Ember â€Å"The City Of Ember†, the first â€Å"Book Of Ember†, was written by Jeanne DuPrau and published in 2003. This is a â€Å"science fiction for those who do not like science fiction† (Voice of Youth Advocates, Starred). The story was about Ember, a city underground that is running out most of energy and supplies. We will write a custom essay sample on The City of Ember or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ember is covered by the darkness and colorlessness. In the city of Ember, Lina Mayfleet and Doon Harrow are trying to find a new world that has light. Following the Instruction of the Buildes, they may find the safe way to get out of there and go outside the world. The Builders designed an underground city with supplies and established it for lasting 200 years. After completing the city, the Builders gave the first mayor of the city a locked metal box and the box was passed from one mayor to the next. The box was set to open after 200 years and provided an Instruction for the Ember citizen on how to go outside. However, the seventh mayor dead before he is able to pass the box and tell the secret to the next mayor. The metal box was lost from there. In the year of 241, the town ran out all the supplies and seemed it’s getting worse. On the Assignment Day, Lina drew the job of â€Å"Pipeworks laborer†, while Doon is assigned the job â€Å"Messenger†. Since both of them felt unhappy, they switched their jobs. At home, Lina found a piece of paper inside a metal box. Instead of keeping hope that the Builders would come back and fix the city as many people in the Ember that time, Lina and Doon wanted to do something to change. Poppy, who is Lina’s little sister, made the paper has many holes on it and it is ripped. Therefore, Lina asked many people to help her read the paper, but only Doon helped. Finally, Lina and Doon found out that paper was the Instruction from the Builders on how to exit the city of Ember. Then, they found a boat on the underground river that led them to exit the city. At the stop, Lina and Doon found an old journal explaining the history of Ember. To make sure that the human race would survive, the Builders built an underground city and brought 100 adults with 100 children to the city. After seeing the Ember from the surface, Lina and Doon decided to through a rock with the instruction to the city and hope that the people of the Ember would escape. All the fate of the city was depended on the rock. The story ended when Mrs. Murdo, who is Lina’s guardian, found the note. As we can see, the story was about the encouragement of Lina Mayfleet and Doon Harrow during the journey of saving their city. While the people in the city were believing in the coming back of the Builders and did nothing, Lina and Doon kept the hope that they could solve the problem and bring the city to a new world. Lina Mayfleet dreamed about a world outside the city, where was colorful and bright. Lina also believed in justice, especially when she realized that the mayor stole food from the city, she reported that to the guard. She believed that people would do what’s right, but then she felt disappointed because of the injustice that the mayor and the guard made. In addition, Doon Harrow acknowledged that the city of Ember was going down. By his talent and ambition, he would like to be the person who could fix the city and run the light to save the city. Having the same dream about a big change for their city, Lina and Doon worked together and found out the Instruction of Ember. Finally, due to their brave and encourage, Lina and Doon found the way led them to the surface with a beautiful world. It is laudable for a couple of twelve-year-old children in the city, who were the pioneer that saved their city. Using a stunning debut, with refreshingly clear writing and fascinating, original characters, Jeanne DuPrau’s story was impressive to readers. In â€Å"The City Of Ember†, DuPrau was excellent by creating source of inspiration for the readers. She didn’t mention the history of the city of Ember at first, made the readers felt curious and wanted to find out through the story. Every cliff hanger ending made readers clamoring for the next installment. DuPrau made a connection between her characters throughout the story, their weaknesses often complementing each other in interesting ways. DuPrau also used the specific events to convey necessary information. By telling the conflict, DuPrau successfully remarked the encouragement of the two main characters. The City Of Ember† should be a book for those who like science fiction, adventure. Those who don’t like science fiction also may like this book, because of the realistic voice through the story. The content of this story is simple, easy to understand. For students who are in middle school, from the age of 12 to 14, â€Å"The City Of Ember† would be the best choice. If there is no person that wanted to stand out, made a change and bravely be a pionee r likes Lina and Doon, the City of Ember would be in darkness forever, waiting for the Builders who would never come back again. How to cite The City of Ember, Papers The city of ember Free Essays The city of ember Tobacco Smoking and Alcohol Drinking Cancer of the upper respiratory and alimentary tracts claimed over 23,000 lives in 1989 and 57,000 additional cases were diagnosed. The majority of individuals who fall prey to this type of cancer are males who abuse both alcohol and tobacco. What is the risk you might ask. We will write a custom essay sample on The city of ember or any similar topic only for you Order Now The fact that the risk of developing cancer of the esophagus, lip, tongue, mouth, pharynx or larynx. increases dramatically in people who are heavy users of alcohol and tobacco is substantiated by 30 years of collective research. Studies demonstrate that the risk to individuals dually addicted far utweighs the risk to Individuals who abuse only one substance. This confirmed link between alcohol and tobacco abuse and an increased risk in upper alimentary and respiratory tract cancer makes this type ot disease among the most preventable. The Correlation Between Smoking and Drinking . 1t has been observed that Individuals who drink alcohol have d greater tendency to smoke than non-drinkers. One of the first studies to establish and quantify the degree of association between drlnklng and smoking was reported In 1972. The Investigation compared 130 alcoholic men hospitalized for alcohol withdrawal to 100 non-alcoholic psychiatric utpatients, Ninety-four percent of the alcoholic men smoked one or more packs of cigarettes per day, as compared to only 46 percent of the non-alcohollcs, who smoked one or more packs per day. Another study. which compared male and female alcoholics enrolled In an army drug and alcohol rehabllltatlon program to non- alcoholic army personnel and their relatives, affirmed the smoking-drinking association. The report found that individuals who were alcoholics smoked an average of 49 cigarettes per day, but that the non-alcoholic subjects smoked only 13 cigarettes per day. In addition, the study established a high correlation between the umber of cigarettes smoked and the grams of alcohol consumed by alcoholics, as opposed to a very weak association for the non-alcoholic control group. similar report, 58 percent ot the non-drinkers were non-smokers, but the individuals who were alcoholics did not abstain from smoking. The finding that smokers who did not drink smoked significantly less than smokers who did drink was further substantiated In additional studies. Why Do Many Drinkers Smoke More? Studies released in the late 1950s, correlating heavy coffee consumption with smoking and drinking, suggested that a strong oral drive caused drinkers to smoke ore frequently. However, new evidence suggests that a strong oral drive is not the culprit. In one study, alcoholics who had successfully stopped drinking demonstrated no appreciable Increase In smoking. In tact, some even smoked less with alcohol abstinence. If a strong oral drive was responsible for the drinking-smoking association, one would expect an increase in smoking during periods of alcohol abstinence. An alternative theory claimed that drinkers smoked more due to just as much as alcoholics who drink in the company of other people dispelled this theory. The most plausible explanation is that drinkers smoke more than non- rinkers due to a greater physiological need for nicotine. Nicotine, the main psychoactive component of tobacco, is a potent chemical. It has a stimulating effect on the nervous system, causing, among other things, increased heart rate and mental stimulation. Once addicted to nicotine, a person may experience tremors of shakiness as blood levels of nicotine decrease to critically low levels. The smoker will crave another cigarette as blood levels reach this threshold to avoid these uncomfortable symptoms. Alcohol apparently causes blood levels of nicotine to fall more rapidly in smokers by activating enzymes in tissues which metabolize drugs. For example, rats pretreated with ethanol cleared nicotine from their blood more rapidly than rats not receiving ethanol. This research, coupled with numerous independent observations, strongly suggests that drinkers must smoke more in order to maintain the blood nicotine levels upon which they have become dependent. Why Is There More Cancer Among Alcohol and Tobacco Users? Investigations are under way to find an answer to this question. Laboratory studies have shown that alcohol enhances the metabolism of several tobacco associated carcinogens, including nitrosamines. It is known that tobacco and its smoke contain many classes f chemical carcinogens which must be activated to react with DNA and initiate steps towards carcinogenesis. Important in this activation process are cytochrome P-450 enzymes, which are induced by alcohol in heavy drinkers. Thus, alcohol and smoking are synergistic in increasing cancer risk. Since alcohol increases the metabolism and hence the need for nicotine, it follows that the success of smoking cessation programs will be improved if drinking habits of patients are controlled. Treatment of incipient alcoholism thus becomes a prerequisite for the ultimate success of behavior modification aimed at the elimination of smoking. How to cite The city of ember, Papers

Programmable Logic Controller free essay sample

To respond to these phenomenal changes, we introduce the second edition of Programmable Controllers: Theory and Implementation. This second edition, like the first, provides a comprehensive theoretical, yet practical, look at all aspects of PLCs and their associated devices and systems. However, this version goes one step further with new chapters on advanced PLC topics, such as I/O bus networks, fuzzy logic, the IEC 1131-3 programming standard, process control, and PID algorithms. This new edition also presents revised, up-to-date information about existing topics, with expanded graphics and new, hands-on examples. Furthermore, the new layout of the book—with features like two-tone graphics, key terms lists, well-defined headings and sections, callout icons, and a revised, expanded glossary— makes the information presented even easier to understand. This new edition has been a labor-intensive learning experience for all those involved. As with any task so large, we could never have done it alone. We will write a custom essay sample on Programmable Logic Controller or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Luis Bryan holds a Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering degree and a Master of Science in Electrical Engineering degree, both from the University of Tennessee. His major areas of expertise are digital systems, electronics, and computer engineering. During his graduate studies, Luis was involved in several projects with national and international governmental agencies. Luis has extensive experience in the field of programmable controllers. He was involved in international marketing activities, as well as PLC applications development, for a major programmable controller manufacturer. He also worked for a consulting firm, providing market studies and companyspecific consultations about PLCs. Furthermore, Luis has given lectures and seminars in Canada, Mexico, and South America about the uses of programmable controllers. He continues to teach seminars to industry and government entities, including the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Luis is an active member of several professional organizations, including the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and the IEEE’s instrument and computer societies. He is a senior member of the Instrument Society of America, as well as a member of Phi Kappa Phi honor society and Eta Kappa Nu electrical engineering honor society. Luis has coauthored several other books about programmable controllers. E RIC B RYAN Eric Bryan graduated from the University of Tennessee with a Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering degree, concentrating in digital design and computer architecture. He received a Master of Science in Engineering degree from the Georgia Institute of Technology, where he participated in a special computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) program. Eric’s specialties are industrial automation methods, flexible manufacturing systems (FMS), and artificial intelligence. He is an advocate of artificial intelligence implementation and its application in industrial automation. Eric worked for a leading automatic laser inspection systems company, as well as a programmable controller consulting firm. His industrial experience includes designing and implementing large inspection systems, along with developing PLC-based systems. Eric has coauthored other publications about PLCs and is a member of several professional and technical societies.

Using French Semi-Auxiliary Verbs

Using French Semi-Auxiliary Verbs The most common  auxiliary verbs  are  avoir and à ªtre. These are the conjugated verbs that stand in front of another verb in compound tenses to indicate mood and tense. In addition to these two, French has a number of semi-auxiliary verbs, which are conjugated in order to express various nuances of time, mood, or aspect. These verbs are followed by an infinitive. Some semi-auxiliary verbs are equivalent to modal verbs in English and some are verbs of perception. Here are the uses and meanings of some frequently used French semi-auxiliary verbs. Aller In present or imperfect tense, aller means to be going to. Je vais à ©tudier. Im going to study. Jallais à ©tudier. I was going to study. In any tense, aller means  to go to/and. Va chercher les clà ©s. Go and look for the keys. Je suis allà © voir mon frà ¨re. I went to see my brother. In any tense, aller is used to emphasize the verb that follows. Je nirai pas rà ©pondre cela. Im not going to dignify that with a response. Je vais te dire une chose. Let me tell you something. Devoir In any tense, except conditional and past conditional, devoir indicates obligation or necessity. Jai dà » partir. I had to leave. Tu dois manger. You must eat. In conditional form, devoir means should. In past conditional, devoir means should have. Je devrais partir. I should leave. Il aurait dà » nous aider. He should have helped us. Faillir Fallir indicates that something almost happened. Il a failli tomber. He almost fell. Jai failli rater lexamen. I nearly failed the test. Faire Causative construction:  to make something happen, to have something done, to make someone do something. Jai fait laver la voiture. I had the car washed. Il me fait à ©tudier. Hes making me study. Laisser To let something happen, to let someone do something. Vas-tu me laisser sortir? Are you going to let me go out? Laisse-moi le faire. Let me do it. Manquer   Followed by optional de, manquer indicates that something was about to happen or nearly happened. Jai manquà © (de) mourir.   I almost died. Elle a manquà © (de) pleurer.   She nearly cried. Paraà ®tre   Paraà ®tre means to appear/to seem to. Ça paraà ®t à ªtre une erreur. That appears to be an error. Il paraissait à ªtre malade. He seemed to be sick. Partir Partir means to leave, in order to, to go to. Peux-tu partir acheter du pain? Could you go out and buy some bread? Il est parti à ©tudier en Italie. He went to study in Italy. Passer Passer means to call/drop in on, to call for, to go to. Passe me chercher demain. Come pick me up tomorrow. Il va passer voir ses amis. Hes going to drop in on his friends. Pouvoir Pouvoir means can, may, might, to be able to. Je peux vous aider. I can help you. Il peut à ªtre prà ªt. He might be ready. Savoir Savoir means to know how to. Sais-tu nager? Do you know how to swim? Je ne sais pas lire. I dont know how to read. Sembler Sembler means to seem/to appear to. Cela semble indiquer que†¦ That seems to indicate that†¦ La machine semble fonctionner. The machine appears to be working. Sortir de Sortir de means to have just done something  (informal). On sort de manger. We just ate. Il sortait de finir. He had just finished. Venir Venir means to come (in order) to. Je suis venu aider. Ive come to help. venir To happen to. David est venu arriver. David happened to arrive. venir de To have just done something. Je viens de me lever. I just got up. Vouloir Vouloir means to want to. Je ne veux pas lire à §a. I dont want to read that. Veux-tu sortir ce soir? Do you want to go out tonight? When Avoir  and  ÃƒÅ tre  Also Act as Semi-Auxiliary Verbs When followed by infinitive, avoir means to have to. Avoir   Vous avez rà ©pondre. You have to respond. Jai à ©tudier. I have to study. Être Être To be in the process of. Es-tu partir? Are you leaving? Être censà © To be supposed to. Je suis censà © travailler. Im supposed to work. Être en passe de To be about to (usually indicates something positive). Je suis en passe de me marier. Im about to get married. Être en train de To be in the process of, to be doing something right now. On est en train de manger. Were eating (right now). Être loin de To not be about/going to. Je suis loin de te mentir. Im not about to lie to you. Être pour To be ready/prepared/willing to. Je ne suis pas pour voler. Im not willing to steal. Être prà ¨s de To be about to, ready to. Es-tu prà ¨s de partir? Are you about to leave? Être sur le point de?   To be about to (positive or negative). Il est sur le point de tomber.   Hes about to fall. French Helping Verbs Any verb that can be followed by an infinitive may be a semi-auxiliary, including (but not limited to): adorer: to adore doingaimer:  to like, love doing(s)arrà ªter de:  to stop doingchercher :  to look to dochoisir de:  to choose to docontinuer /de:  to continue to docroire:  to believe (that one) doesdemander de:  to ask todà ©sirer:  to desire todà ©tester:  to hate doingdire ( quelquun) de:  to tell (someone) to dosefforcer de:  to endeavor to doespà ©rer:  to hope to doessayer de:  to try doingfalloir:  to be necessary to dohà ©siter :  to hesitate to dointerdire ( qqun) de:  to forbid (someone) to dopenser:  to be thinking of, to consider doingpermettre:  to allow to dopersister :  to persist in doingpromettre:  to promise to doprà ©fà ©rer:  to prefer doingrefuser de:  to refuse to dorisquer de:  to risk doing, to possibly dosouhaiter:  to hope to dotà ¢cher de:  to try doingtenter de:  to attempt doingvoir:  to see (someone) do, to see (something) done Word Order with Semi-Auxiliary Verbs   Semi-auxiliary verbs are used in what I call  dual-verb constructions, which have a slightly different word order than compound verb tenses. Dual verb constructions consist of a conjugated  semi-auxiliary verb, such as  pouvoir,  devoir,  vouloir,  aller,  espà ©rer, and  promettre, followed by a second verb in the infinitive. The two verbs may or may not be joined by a preposition. Agreement with Semi-Auxiliary Verbs In semi-auxiliary verb constructions, any direct object belongs to the infinitive, not the semi-auxiliary verb. Therefore, the past participle never agrees with any direct object.   Its a decision that I hated to make.RIGHT: Cest une dà ©cision que jai dà ©testà © prendre.WRONG: Cest une dà ©cision que jai dà ©testà ©e prendre. Here are the books that I wanted to read.Right: Voici les livres que jai voulu lire.  Wrong: Voici les livres que jai voulus lire. However, there may be other kinds of agreement: With the subject of the sentence, if the auxiliary verb of the semi-auxiliary is à ªtre (e.g., Nous sommes venus aider).With the subject of the infinitive.

What You Need to Know About Becoming a Dental Assistant

What You Need to Know About Becoming a Dental Assistant Going to the dentist’s office probably isn’t one of your favorite activities. Yet it’s a necessary part of taking care of yourself, and if you’re lucky you’ve found a great dental office and staff that make the process less painful- literally! The dental assistant is an essential member of this team, caring for patients and/or keeping the office running. If you think you might be interested in joining this career path, here’s a snapshot of the dental assisting field. What does a dental assistant do?A dental assistant’s responsibilities may include:Managing patient intakeMaintaining office recordsScheduling appointmentsAssisting the dentist during proceduresSterilizing and maintaining equipmentTaking patient x-rays (additional certification may be necessary)Teaching good oral hygiene and post-appointment care to patientsI’m squeamish about medical procedures. Can I still be a dental assistant?Yes! Many offices hire dental assista nts who primarily manage the office and perform clerical tasks like maintaining records, managing patient appointments, billing, acting as the office receptionist, and ordering and managing supplies. You’ll want to check job postings carefully to make sure that the job doesn’t require hands-on patient care or assisting the dentist during procedures.How do I become a dental assistant?In most cases, becoming a dental assistant doesn’t require a four-year college degree. However, some states require that dental assistant candidates complete a certification program and/or pass an exam, so you’ll want to be aware of your own state’s requirements before you choose this path.You’ll need strong organizational and clerical skills as a dental assistant, as well as solid communication and interpersonal skills. You’d be working with staff and patients (and you may be the first face people see when they visit your dental office), so those customer service skills are especially important in this role.How much do dental assistants make?The median salary for dental assistants is $34,500, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. According to surveys done by Payscale, dental assistant salaries can vary pretty widely depending on location and experience level at hiring. Payscale also found that salaries tended to be higher for assistants who brought strong office and business skills to their current job.Dental assistants also have high job satisfaction, per the Payscale survey: 5 out of 5 dental assistants polled said they were â€Å"extremely satisfied† with their jobs.Who’s hiring dental assistants?Many dental assistants are employed by independent or small-practice dental offices, but there are also many large firms hiring as well. Among the top corporate employers are:Aspen DentalDental Group LtdFamily Dental CareHeartland Dental CareWhat does the dental assistant career path look like?This field is has great dev elopment potential, with the Bureau of Labor Statistics predicting 25% growth by 2022. Many dental assistants also choose to go on and become Certified Dental Assistants, dental hygienists, or a number of other dental/medical certification areas and administrative roles.Now that you know what it takes to get started in this popular and rewarding field, what do you think? Could this be you in the near future?