The City of Ember Free Essays

The City Of Ember â€Å"The City Of Ember†, the first â€Å"Book Of Ember†, was written by Jeanne DuPrau and published in 2003. This is a â€Å"science fiction for those who do not like science fiction† (Voice of Youth Advocates, Starred). The story was about Ember, a city underground that is running out most of energy and supplies. We will write a custom essay sample on The City of Ember or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ember is covered by the darkness and colorlessness. In the city of Ember, Lina Mayfleet and Doon Harrow are trying to find a new world that has light. Following the Instruction of the Buildes, they may find the safe way to get out of there and go outside the world. The Builders designed an underground city with supplies and established it for lasting 200 years. After completing the city, the Builders gave the first mayor of the city a locked metal box and the box was passed from one mayor to the next. The box was set to open after 200 years and provided an Instruction for the Ember citizen on how to go outside. However, the seventh mayor dead before he is able to pass the box and tell the secret to the next mayor. The metal box was lost from there. In the year of 241, the town ran out all the supplies and seemed it’s getting worse. On the Assignment Day, Lina drew the job of â€Å"Pipeworks laborer†, while Doon is assigned the job â€Å"Messenger†. Since both of them felt unhappy, they switched their jobs. At home, Lina found a piece of paper inside a metal box. Instead of keeping hope that the Builders would come back and fix the city as many people in the Ember that time, Lina and Doon wanted to do something to change. Poppy, who is Lina’s little sister, made the paper has many holes on it and it is ripped. Therefore, Lina asked many people to help her read the paper, but only Doon helped. Finally, Lina and Doon found out that paper was the Instruction from the Builders on how to exit the city of Ember. Then, they found a boat on the underground river that led them to exit the city. At the stop, Lina and Doon found an old journal explaining the history of Ember. To make sure that the human race would survive, the Builders built an underground city and brought 100 adults with 100 children to the city. After seeing the Ember from the surface, Lina and Doon decided to through a rock with the instruction to the city and hope that the people of the Ember would escape. All the fate of the city was depended on the rock. The story ended when Mrs. Murdo, who is Lina’s guardian, found the note. As we can see, the story was about the encouragement of Lina Mayfleet and Doon Harrow during the journey of saving their city. While the people in the city were believing in the coming back of the Builders and did nothing, Lina and Doon kept the hope that they could solve the problem and bring the city to a new world. Lina Mayfleet dreamed about a world outside the city, where was colorful and bright. Lina also believed in justice, especially when she realized that the mayor stole food from the city, she reported that to the guard. She believed that people would do what’s right, but then she felt disappointed because of the injustice that the mayor and the guard made. In addition, Doon Harrow acknowledged that the city of Ember was going down. By his talent and ambition, he would like to be the person who could fix the city and run the light to save the city. Having the same dream about a big change for their city, Lina and Doon worked together and found out the Instruction of Ember. Finally, due to their brave and encourage, Lina and Doon found the way led them to the surface with a beautiful world. It is laudable for a couple of twelve-year-old children in the city, who were the pioneer that saved their city. Using a stunning debut, with refreshingly clear writing and fascinating, original characters, Jeanne DuPrau’s story was impressive to readers. In â€Å"The City Of Ember†, DuPrau was excellent by creating source of inspiration for the readers. She didn’t mention the history of the city of Ember at first, made the readers felt curious and wanted to find out through the story. Every cliff hanger ending made readers clamoring for the next installment. DuPrau made a connection between her characters throughout the story, their weaknesses often complementing each other in interesting ways. DuPrau also used the specific events to convey necessary information. By telling the conflict, DuPrau successfully remarked the encouragement of the two main characters. The City Of Ember† should be a book for those who like science fiction, adventure. Those who don’t like science fiction also may like this book, because of the realistic voice through the story. The content of this story is simple, easy to understand. For students who are in middle school, from the age of 12 to 14, â€Å"The City Of Ember† would be the best choice. If there is no person that wanted to stand out, made a change and bravely be a pionee r likes Lina and Doon, the City of Ember would be in darkness forever, waiting for the Builders who would never come back again. How to cite The City of Ember, Papers The city of ember Free Essays The city of ember Tobacco Smoking and Alcohol Drinking Cancer of the upper respiratory and alimentary tracts claimed over 23,000 lives in 1989 and 57,000 additional cases were diagnosed. The majority of individuals who fall prey to this type of cancer are males who abuse both alcohol and tobacco. What is the risk you might ask. We will write a custom essay sample on The city of ember or any similar topic only for you Order Now The fact that the risk of developing cancer of the esophagus, lip, tongue, mouth, pharynx or larynx. increases dramatically in people who are heavy users of alcohol and tobacco is substantiated by 30 years of collective research. Studies demonstrate that the risk to individuals dually addicted far utweighs the risk to Individuals who abuse only one substance. This confirmed link between alcohol and tobacco abuse and an increased risk in upper alimentary and respiratory tract cancer makes this type ot disease among the most preventable. The Correlation Between Smoking and Drinking . 1t has been observed that Individuals who drink alcohol have d greater tendency to smoke than non-drinkers. One of the first studies to establish and quantify the degree of association between drlnklng and smoking was reported In 1972. The Investigation compared 130 alcoholic men hospitalized for alcohol withdrawal to 100 non-alcoholic psychiatric utpatients, Ninety-four percent of the alcoholic men smoked one or more packs of cigarettes per day, as compared to only 46 percent of the non-alcohollcs, who smoked one or more packs per day. Another study. which compared male and female alcoholics enrolled In an army drug and alcohol rehabllltatlon program to non- alcoholic army personnel and their relatives, affirmed the smoking-drinking association. The report found that individuals who were alcoholics smoked an average of 49 cigarettes per day, but that the non-alcoholic subjects smoked only 13 cigarettes per day. In addition, the study established a high correlation between the umber of cigarettes smoked and the grams of alcohol consumed by alcoholics, as opposed to a very weak association for the non-alcoholic control group. similar report, 58 percent ot the non-drinkers were non-smokers, but the individuals who were alcoholics did not abstain from smoking. The finding that smokers who did not drink smoked significantly less than smokers who did drink was further substantiated In additional studies. Why Do Many Drinkers Smoke More? Studies released in the late 1950s, correlating heavy coffee consumption with smoking and drinking, suggested that a strong oral drive caused drinkers to smoke ore frequently. However, new evidence suggests that a strong oral drive is not the culprit. In one study, alcoholics who had successfully stopped drinking demonstrated no appreciable Increase In smoking. In tact, some even smoked less with alcohol abstinence. If a strong oral drive was responsible for the drinking-smoking association, one would expect an increase in smoking during periods of alcohol abstinence. An alternative theory claimed that drinkers smoked more due to just as much as alcoholics who drink in the company of other people dispelled this theory. The most plausible explanation is that drinkers smoke more than non- rinkers due to a greater physiological need for nicotine. Nicotine, the main psychoactive component of tobacco, is a potent chemical. It has a stimulating effect on the nervous system, causing, among other things, increased heart rate and mental stimulation. Once addicted to nicotine, a person may experience tremors of shakiness as blood levels of nicotine decrease to critically low levels. The smoker will crave another cigarette as blood levels reach this threshold to avoid these uncomfortable symptoms. Alcohol apparently causes blood levels of nicotine to fall more rapidly in smokers by activating enzymes in tissues which metabolize drugs. For example, rats pretreated with ethanol cleared nicotine from their blood more rapidly than rats not receiving ethanol. This research, coupled with numerous independent observations, strongly suggests that drinkers must smoke more in order to maintain the blood nicotine levels upon which they have become dependent. Why Is There More Cancer Among Alcohol and Tobacco Users? Investigations are under way to find an answer to this question. Laboratory studies have shown that alcohol enhances the metabolism of several tobacco associated carcinogens, including nitrosamines. It is known that tobacco and its smoke contain many classes f chemical carcinogens which must be activated to react with DNA and initiate steps towards carcinogenesis. Important in this activation process are cytochrome P-450 enzymes, which are induced by alcohol in heavy drinkers. Thus, alcohol and smoking are synergistic in increasing cancer risk. Since alcohol increases the metabolism and hence the need for nicotine, it follows that the success of smoking cessation programs will be improved if drinking habits of patients are controlled. Treatment of incipient alcoholism thus becomes a prerequisite for the ultimate success of behavior modification aimed at the elimination of smoking. How to cite The city of ember, Papers